中枢神经系统疾病（Central Nervous System Pathology）-病理学图库

室管下区(生发基质)脑室内出血(IVH),患者为28孕周的早产儿。在发育期间，生发基质易出现这样的损害，使得IVH成为早产的并发症。

This is intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) which arose in the subependymal region (germinal matrix) of a 28 week gestational age newborn. The germinal matrix region is very susceptible to such lesions at this period of development, leading to IVH as a complication of prematurity.

累及基底节的出血多为非创伤性，由高血压引起，高血压破坏和削弱小贯穿动脉，可见出血肿块使正中线移位，通常继发脑水肿，可形成脑疝。

Hemorrhages involving the basal ganglia area (the putamen in particular) tend to be non-traumatic and caused by hypertension, which damages and weakens the small penetrating arteries. A mass effect with midline shift, often with secondary edema, may lead to herniation.

CT显示高血压病右侧丘脑出血，并延伸至脑室，此区出血不适于外科手术清除血肿。

This is a computed tomographic (CT) scan demonstrating a hypertensive hemorrhage in the right thalamus that has extended into the ventricular system. Hemorrhages in this location are not amenable to surgical intervention with removal of the blood.

成年高血压病人基底节区大出血，这是引发“中风”的一个原因。

The large hemorrhage in this adult brain arose in the basal ganglia region of a patient with hypertension. This is one cause for a "stroke".

CT显示曾患高血压病病人颅内出血人。

This computed tomographic (CT) scan of the head in transverse view demonstrates an area of hemorrhage in a patient with a history of hypertension.

硬脑膜外表面可见一血块，此为硬膜外血肿。此部位的出血几乎总是脑膜中动脉撕裂造成的。

A blood clot is seen over the external surface of the dura. Thus, this is an epidural hematoma. Such a location for hemorrhage is virtually always the result of trauma that causes a tear in the middle meningeal artery.

CT显示右侧硬膜外血肿，脑组织推向左侧，脑室变得狭小。

This is a sagittal head CT scan without contrast demonstrating a large epidural hematoma with right to left shift and ventricular narrowing.

去除颅骨显示脑膜中动脉，其从蝶骨棘孔穿出分布于硬脑膜表面。

The top of the skull is removed to reveal the middle meningeal artery which has emerged from the foramen spinosum to branch over the surface of the dura.

硬脑膜折起(右下可见小部分硬脑膜)显示硬膜下血肿。这种血块通常是桥静脉撕裂造成的。

The dura has been reflected back (with a small portion visible at the lower right) to reveal a subdural hematoma. Such a blood clot is usually the result of trauma with tearing of the bridging veins.

	室管下区(生发基质)脑室内出血(IVH),患者为28孕周的早产儿。在发育期间，生发基质易出现这样的损害，使得IVH成为早产的并发症。 This is intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) which arose in the subependymal region (germinal matrix) of a 28 week gestational age newborn. The germinal matrix region is very susceptible to such lesions at this period of development, leading to IVH as a complication of prematurity.
	累及基底节的出血多为非创伤性，由高血压引起，高血压破坏和削弱小贯穿动脉，可见出血肿块使正中线移位，通常继发脑水肿，可形成脑疝。 Hemorrhages involving the basal ganglia area (the putamen in particular) tend to be non-traumatic and caused by hypertension, which damages and weakens the small penetrating arteries. A mass effect with midline shift, often with secondary edema, may lead to herniation.
	CT显示高血压病右侧丘脑出血，并延伸至脑室，此区出血不适于外科手术清除血肿。 This is a computed tomographic (CT) scan demonstrating a hypertensive hemorrhage in the right thalamus that has extended into the ventricular system. Hemorrhages in this location are not amenable to surgical intervention with removal of the blood.
	成年高血压病人基底节区大出血，这是引发“中风”的一个原因。 The large hemorrhage in this adult brain arose in the basal ganglia region of a patient with hypertension. This is one cause for a "stroke".
	CT显示曾患高血压病病人颅内出血人。 This computed tomographic (CT) scan of the head in transverse view demonstrates an area of hemorrhage in a patient with a history of hypertension.
	硬脑膜外表面可见一血块，此为硬膜外血肿。此部位的出血几乎总是脑膜中动脉撕裂造成的。 A blood clot is seen over the external surface of the dura. Thus, this is an epidural hematoma. Such a location for hemorrhage is virtually always the result of trauma that causes a tear in the middle meningeal artery.
	CT显示右侧硬膜外血肿，脑组织推向左侧，脑室变得狭小。 This is a sagittal head CT scan without contrast demonstrating a large epidural hematoma with right to left shift and ventricular narrowing.

	去除颅骨显示脑膜中动脉，其从蝶骨棘孔穿出分布于硬脑膜表面。 The top of the skull is removed to reveal the middle meningeal artery which has emerged from the foramen spinosum to branch over the surface of the dura.
	硬脑膜折起(右下可见小部分硬脑膜)显示硬膜下血肿。这种血块通常是桥静脉撕裂造成的。 The dura has been reflected back (with a small portion visible at the lower right) to reveal a subdural hematoma. Such a blood clot is usually the result of trauma with tearing of the bridging veins.