狼疮性肾炎。高倍电子显微镜下可见高密度电子致密物沉积。
The electron dense deposits by electron microscopy at high magnification are seen here.

Goodpasture综合征病人针对IgG抗体的免疫荧光呈线性。抗体直接黏附在肾小球基底膜上而形成。
This is the linear pattern of immunofluorescence with antibody to IgG in a patient with Goodpasture's syndrome. The even linear pattern is produced because the antibody is directed against the entire glomerular basement membrane.

图示指端硬皮病典型的表现即皮肤紧张色泽明亮。皮肤僵硬并手指不灵活。如果指端硬皮病伴钙化,雷诺现象，食道蠕动障碍和毛细血管扩张症,称为CREST综合症.
Here is a patient demonstrating the taut and shiny skin typical of sclerodactyly. The skin becomes inelastic and it is hard to move the fingers. If sclerodactyly is seen along with calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, and telangietastias, then the best diagnosis is CREST syndrome.

放大的指端硬皮病病人紧张、光亮、僵硬的皮肤。同时可见由于核黄素缺乏其嘴角出现唇干裂,此为硬皮病病人对核黄素吸收障碍所致。
Here is a higher magnification of the taut, shiny, inelastic skin with sclerodactyly. Note also the cheilosis at the corners of the mouth from riboflavin deficiency as a result of the malabsorbtion that can occur with scleroderma.

低倍镜下，皮肤的胶原增加。不象SLE病人,系统性硬化病人的慢性炎性细胞稀少.
At low magnification, the collagen of the dermis is increased. Chronic inflammatory cells are sparse with systemic sclerosis, unlike SLE.

高倍镜下，系统性硬化症病人真皮中胶原纤维增加使皮肤增厚。 免疫荧光检测对硬皮病是无用的。注意：近年来我们往往用系统性硬化症取代名词硬皮病。
At high magnification, the dermis is expanded by dense collagenous fibrosis in a patient with systemic sclerosis. Immunofluorescence is not helpful with scleroderma.

胃三色染色显示在黏膜下层胶原纤维沉积处染上深蓝色。这种纤维可发生在胃肠道的任何地方，但最常见于食管下端,导致系统性硬化病人食管蠕动障碍。
This trichrome stain of the stomach demonstrates intense blue staining in the submucosa from the collagen deposition. Such fibrosis can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, but is most common in the lower esophagus, leading to the esophageal dysmotility with systemic sclerosis.

对于长期忍受Sjogren综合征(口眼干燥综合征)即包括唾液腺(口腔干燥)和泪腺(干眼病)受累的自身免疫性疾病病人,在嘴唇活组织检查中,单核细胞浸润,间质纤维化,小唾液腺的腺泡萎缩,都是典型的。大多数病人是中年妇女。尽管半数以上的病人抗核抗体检测为阳性,但在Sjogren综合症病人中自身抗体SS-A( Ro )和 SS-B(La)比其他检测更特异。
The mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates, interstitial fibrosis, and acinar atrophy of a minor salivary gland in a biopsy of lip is typical for long-standing Sjogren's syndrome, an autoimmune disease that involves salivary glands (with xerostomia) and lacrimal glands (with xerophthalmia). Most patients are middle-aged women. The autoantibodies SS-A (Ro) and SS-B (La) have more specificity for Sjogren's syndrome than others, though the antinuclear antibody test is positive in over half of cases.

具有肾小动脉增生性硬化和恶性高血压(血压 300/150mmHg )表现的病人中,肾脏疾病提示弥漫性硬皮病。
Renal disease suggests diffuse scleroderma in this patient with hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis and malignant hypertension (blood pressure 300/150 mm Hg)。

图示接触性皮炎,由致敏淋巴细胞引起的IV型超敏反应,在接触致敏性物质几天后出现。如毒橡树和毒叶藤之类的抗原常引起.
This is contact dermatitis, a form of type IV hypersensitivity in which pre-sensitized lymphocytes led to this inflammatory reaction a couple of days after contact with the offending plant material. Antigens such as those in poison oak and poison ivy are most often responsible for this appearance.