肾血管病导致的良性肾硬化，肾脏小动脉管壁增厚、管腔狭窄。高血压或糖尿病时常出现动脉玻璃样变。这导致局部肾实质减少形成片状缺血性萎缩，从而使得肾脏表面呈现特征性的颗粒状外观。
Here is an example of renal vascular disease known as benign nephrosclerosis. The smaller arteries in the kidney have become thickened and narrowed. Hyaline arteriolosclerosis with hypertension or diabetes mellitus is usually present. This leads to patchy ischemic atrophy with focal loss of parenchyma that gives the surface of the kidney the characteristic granular appearance as seen here.
