PartⅠ
Section A:
1. Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings
were portrayed _____.
A. had produced B. have been produced C. would have produced D. had been produced
2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer
than ___ in the public mind today.
A. exists B. exist C. existing D. existed
3. The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his argument in favor
of the new theory.
A. which to base on B. on which to base C. to base on which D. which to be based
on
4. ________ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by
the science fiction.
A. Everybody B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Nobody
5. How many of us ___, say, a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested
in the discussion?
A. attended B. Attending C. to attend D. have attended
6. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe ____ it provides he building
blocs from which the other elements are produced.
A. so that B. but that C. in that D. provided that
7. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style
____ in a personal one.
A. rather than B. Other than C. better than D. less than
8. ______ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth
development of production.
A. What B. That C. It D. As
9. It is believed that today's pop music can serve as a creative force ____
stimulating the thinking of its listeners.
A. by B. with C. at D. on
10. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, _____ the atmosphere.
A. as it is B. the same as C. so is D. and so is
Section B(改错):
ll . The conveniences that Americans desire reflecting not so much a
Ａ
leisurely lifestyle as a busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time
Ｂ
are too valuable to be wasted.
C D
12. In debating one must conect the opponent's facts, deny the
A
relevance of his proof, or deny that what he presents as proof,
B C
unless relevant , is sufficient.
D
13 . We are not conscious of the extent of which provides the
A B
psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a
C D
full and an empty life.
14. The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for
Ａ Ｂ
having promoted sea travel, that man was Prince Henry the navigator,
who lived in the 15th century.
D
15 . Accounts of scientific experiments are generally correct for
Ａ Ｂ
those write about science are careful in checking the accuracy of
Ｃ Ｄ
their reports.
16. whenever we hear of a natural disaster, even in a distant part of
A B
the world, we feel sympathy for the people to have affected.
Ｃ D
17 . It is perhaps not an exaggeration to say that we shall soon
Ａ
be trusting our health, wealth and happiness to elements with whom
Ｂ Ｃ
very names the general public are unfamiliar.
Ｄ
18. The speaker claimed that no other modern nation devotes so small
Ａ Ｂ
a portion of its wealth to public assistance and health than the
Ｃ
nited States does.
Ｄ
19 . There are those who consider it questionable that these
defence- linked research projects will account for an improvement
Ａ Ｂ
in the of living or, alternately, to do much to protect
C
our diminishing resources.
D
20. If individuals are awakend each time as they begin a dream phase
A B
of sleep, they are likely to become irritable even though their total
C
amount of sleep has been sufficient.
D
Section C:
21. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly ___ if the invitation
to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.
A. admired B. regarded C. expected D. worshipped
22. A _____ of the long report by the budget committed was submitted to the
mayor for approval.
A. shorthand B. scheme C. schedule D. sketch
23. A man has to make ____ for his old age by putting aside enough money to
live on when old.
A. supply B. assurance C. provision D. adjustment
24. The newly-built Science Building seems _____ enough to last a hundred years.
A. spacious B. sophisticated C. substantial D. steady
25. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are ___ free medical
care.
A. entitled to B. involved in C. associated with D. assigned to
26. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because
they had more at ____.
A. danger B. stake C. loss D. threat
27. I felt ____ to death because I could make nothing of the chairman's speech.
A. fatigued B. tired C. exhausted D. bored
28. When the engine would nto start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to
find what was at ___.
A. wrong B. trouble C. fault D. difficulty
29. Your advice would be ____ valuable to him, who is at present at his wit's
end.
A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively
30. He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he
has to _____ the consequences.
A. answer for B. run into C. abide by D. step into
31. The river is already _____ its bans because of excessive rainfall; and the
city is threatened with a likely flood.
A. parallel to B. level in C. flat on D. flush with
32. People _____ that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers
as do the airliners of today.
A. convinced B. anticipated C. resolved D. assured
33. In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or _____
for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic programmed
for the reading skills.
A. adapted B. acknowledged C. assembled D. appointed
34. The mother said she would ____ her son washing the dished If he could finish
his assignment before supper.
A. let down B. let alone C. let off D. let out
35. We should always keep in mind that _____ decisions often lead to bitter
regrets.
A. urgent B. hasty C. instant D. prompt
36. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages ____ in
the dictionary.
A. missing B. losing C dropping D. leaking
37. In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women
____ this field is climbing.
A. engaging B. devoting C. registering D. pursuing
38. The supervisor didn't have time so far to go into it _____, but he gave
us an idea about his plan.
A. at hand B. in turn C. in conclusion D. at length
39. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest ____ of being met.
A. prospect B. prediction C. prosperity D. permission
40. It's usually the case that people seldom behave in a _____ way when in a
furious state.
A. stable B. rational C. legal D. credible
Part Two
Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized
by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 41
kind of sleep is at all well-understood , but REM sleep is 42 to serve some
restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more
43 .The new experiments, such as these 44 for the first time at a recent meeting
of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations
45 of non-REM sleep .
For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 1OO percent fatal
to rats, yet ,47 exanlination of the dead bodies , the animals look completely
normal . A researcher has now 48 the mystery of why the aninlals die. The rats
49 bacterial infections of the blood ,50 their immune systems--the self-protecting
mechanism against disease--had crashed.
41 . (A)Either (B)Ndther (C)Each tn)Any
42 . (A) intended ( B)required ( C) assumed ( D) inferred
43 . (A) subtle (B)obvious (C)mysterious (D)doubtful
44 . (A) maintained ( B) described (C)settled (D)afforded
45. (A)in the light (B)by virtue (C)with the exception (D)for the purpose
46 . (A) reduction ( B) destruction (C) deprivation (D) restriction
47. (A)upon (B)by (C)through (D)with
48. (A)paid attention to (B)caught sight of tc)laid emphasis on (D)cast light
on
49 . (A) develop (B)produce (c)stimulate (D)induce
50. (A)if (B)as if (C)only if (D)if only
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehensinn
Passage l
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves
directly to assist a rapid distribotion of goods at reasonable price, thereby
establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export
at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously
to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased
need for labour, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It
lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper
would cost four times as much, the price of your television licence would need
to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable
value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven
acts of Parliament gov- ern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser
dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.
He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising.
He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not
to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently
advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed
for it , and that it represents good value.
Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other
force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently
I heard a well-known television
personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather
than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising
seeks to persuade.
If its message were confined merely to information-and that in itself would
be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice
of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive----advertising would be so boring
that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known
television personality wants.
51 . By the first sentence of the passage the author means that__.
(A) he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising
(B) everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming
(C) advertising costs money like everything else
(D) it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising
52. In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages
of advertising?
(A) Securing greater fame. (C) Enhancing living standards.
(B) Providing more jobs. (D) Reducing newspaper cost.
53 . The author deems that the well-known TV personality is_.
(A) very precise in passing his judgement on advertising
(B) interested in nothing but the buyers' attention
(C) correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information
(D) obviously partial in his views on advertising
54. In the author's opinton,__.
(A) advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing
(B) advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over
(C) there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer
(D) the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advenisement
Passage 2
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process.
People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product
that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion,
the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all
these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine,
since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks
along the way.The process is not the road itsetf, but rather the attitudes and
feellings people have, their caution or courge, as they encounter new experiences
and unexpected obstacles. In this process ,the journey never really ends; there
are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges
to accept .
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to
take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they
may "fail"at first. How we see our-selves as we try a new way of being
is essential to our abitity to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious?
If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences.
Do we think we're shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us
to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground
is safe. Do we thiQk we're slow to adapt to change or that we' re not smart
enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive
role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary
if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal
fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We
become trapped inside a shell of our own making .
55 . A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth then__.
(A) he has given up his smoking habit
(B) he has made great efforts in his work
(C) he is keen on leaming anything new
(D) he has tried to determine where he is on his journey
56. In the author' s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would__.
(A) succeed in climbing up the social ladder
(B) judge his ability to glow from his own achievements
(C) face difficulties and take up challenges
(D) aim high and reach his goal each time
57. When the author says "a new way of being" (line 3, para. 3) he
is referring to__.
(A) a new approach to experiencing the world (C) a new method of perceiving
ourselves
(B) a new way of taking risks (D) a new system of adaptation to change
58. For personal growth ,the author advocates all of the following except_.
(A) curiosity about more chances ( C) open-mindedness to new experiences
(B) promptness in self-adaptation (D) avoidance of intemal fears and doubts
Passage 3
In such a changing , complex society formerly simple solutions to informational
needs become complicated. Many of life' s problems which were solved by asking
family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended
family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine
which expert advice to accept are qaestions facing many people today.
In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War
Ⅱ. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many
years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information
is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when
needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of
information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things
once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended
family must be consciously learned .
Adding to societal changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. The
individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task
of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem
is complicated , time-consuming and sometimes even overwhelming .
Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies
which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed
to more locations than has ever been possible before. Computer technology makes
it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to
program computers to locate specific information . Telecommunications developments
enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic
mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended
the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise
can be shared world wide through teleconferencing , and problems in dispute
can be settled without the parttcipants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel
to a distant conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information
and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available
to more people.
In this world of change and complexity , the need for infomtatian is of greatest
importance.
Those people who have accurate , reliable up-to-date information to solve the
day-to-day problems,the critical problems of their business, social and family
life, will survive and succeed. "Knowledge is power" may well be the
truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement
of all people.
59. The word "it" (line 3, para. 2) most probably refers to__.
(A) the lack of stable communities
(B) the breakdown of informal information channels
(C) the increased mobility of families
(D) the growing number of people moving from place to place
60. The main problem people may encounter today arises form the fact that__.
(A) they have to learn new things consciously
(B) they lack the confidence of securing reliable and trustworthy information
(C) they have difficulty obtaining the needed informatton readily
(D) they can hardly carry out casual communications with an extended family.
61 . From the passage we can infer that__.
(A) electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messages
(B) it will become more difficult for people to keep secrets in an information
era
(C) people will spend less time holding meetings or conferences
(D) events will be reported on the spot mainly through satellites
62. We can learn from the last paragraph that __.
(A) it is necessary to obtain as much
(B) people should make the best use of the information
(C) we shoutd realize the importance of accumulating information .
(D) it is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficiently
Passage 4
Personality is to a large extent inherent--A-type parents usually bring about
A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since
if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor
in the lives of their children.
One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school , which is, by
its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the
'win at all costs' moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements.
The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or
against the clock produces a two-layer system , in which competitive Atypes
seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can
have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides , the first marathon
runner , dropped dead seconds after saying: ' Rejoice, we conquer! '
By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis
on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those
things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable
, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters change
into B' s. The world needs A types, and schools have an important duty to try
to fit a child' s personality to his possible future employment . It is top
management .
If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might
be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions
, especially medicine,could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more
by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to
choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B's are important and should
be encouraged.
63 . According to the passage , A-type individuals are usually__.
(A) impatient ( B) considerate ( C) aggressive (D) agreeable
64. The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schoois
because__.
(A) the pressure is too great on the students
(B) some students are bound to fail
(C) failure rates are too high
(D) the results of exarninations are doubtful
65 . The selection of medical professionals are currentiy based on__.
(A) candidates' sensitivity (C) competitive spirit
(B) academic acbievements (D) surer values
66. From the passage we can draw the oonclusion that__.
(A) the personality of a child is well established at birth
(B) family innuence dominates the shaping of one' s characteristics .
(C) the development of one' s personality is due to multiple factors
(D) B-type characteristics can find no place in competitive society
Passage 5
That experiences influence subsequent behaviour is evidence of an obvious but
nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur
without the function popularly named memory.Constant practice has such as effect
on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of
a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent
behaviour demands memory , remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning.
The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists
depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering
many earlier experiences .
Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any
learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to
be forgotten; and the adaptive consquences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic
instances of sudden forgetting can seem to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability
to forget can be intffpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection
in animals.Inded, when one's memory of an emotionally painful experience lead
to serious anxiety, forgetting may produoe relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary
interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual
process of forgetting survived natural selection.
In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects,it
is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting
clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend
to stand out,providing clues for inferring duration. Without fotgetting, adaptive
ability would suffer, for example ,learned behaviour that might have been correct
a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by or-dinary
standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion.
This forgetting seems to serve that survival of the individual and the species.
Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity
that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this
view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage ( input)
and forgetting (output) . Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals
forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offers gross
support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance.
67. From the evolutionary point of view,__.
(A) forgetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously inadaptive .
(B) if a person gets very forgetful all of a sudden he must be very adaptive
(C) the gradual process of forgetting is an indication of an individual' s adaptability
(D) sudden forgetting may bring about adaptive consequences
68. According to the passage, if a person never forgot ,__.
(A) he would survive best (C) his ability to learn would be enhanced
(B) he would have a lot of trouble (D) the evolution of memory would stop
69. From the last paragraph we know that__.
(A) forgetfulness is a response to learning
(B) the memory storage system is an exactly balanced input-output systenl
(C) memory is a compensation for forgetting
(D) the capacity of a memory storage system is limited because forgetting occurs
70. In this article, the author tries to interpret the function of__.
(A) remembering (B) forgetting (C) adapting (D) experiencing
Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation
The standardized educational or psychological test that are widely used to aid
in selecting,
classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel
have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press,
and even in congress. 71 )The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics
divert attention form the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.
The tests themselves are merely tools , with characteristics that can be measured
with reasonable precision under specified conditions. Whether the results will
be valuable , meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself
but largely upon the user .
All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge
of relevant past performance: school grades, research productivity, sales records,
or whatever is appropriate. 72 )How well the predictions will be validated by
later performance depends upon the amount , reliability , and appropriateness
of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always
incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.
Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick,
objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned
, the sktlls he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information
so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other
kinds of information. 73)Whether to use tests. other kinds of information, or
both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience
concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.
74)In general,the tests work most effectivelv when the qualities to be measured
can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be messured
or predicted cannot be well defined. Properly used, they provide a rapid means
of getting comparable information about many people Sometimes they identify
students whose high potential has not been previously recognized, but there
are many things they do not do. 75)For example, they do not compensate for gross
social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster
might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
Part Ⅴ Wrlting (15 points)
DIRECTIONS :
A. Title: THE "PROJECT HOPE"
B. Time limit : 40 minutes
C. Word limit : 120 - 150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
D. Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with
the
given opening sentence : "Education plays a very important role in the
modernization of
our country " .
E. Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
OUTLEVE:
1. Present sluation
2. Necessity of the project
3. My suggestion
答案:
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10.C
11. A, renect 12. D, if
13. B, to which 14. D, being
15. C, writing about 或 who write about 16. D, affected
17. C, whose 18. C, as
19. C, do much 20. B, each time
21. B 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A
31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. B
41. B 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. B
51. D 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. A 56. C 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. C
61. A 62. D 63. C 64. B 65. B 66. C 67. D 68. B 69. A 70. B
71．把标准化测试作为抨击目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者不考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。
72．这些预测在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性，以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。
73．因此，在某一特定情况下，究竟是采用测试还是其他种类的信息，或是两者同时使用，须凭有关相对效度的经验依据而定，也取决于诸如费用和有无来源等因素。
74．一般地说，当所要测定的特征能很精确地界定时，测试最为有效；而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时，测试的效果则最差。
75．例如，测试并不弥补明显的社会不公；因此，它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长的话，会有多大才干。