支气管扩张症显示扩张支气管病灶。在出现如肿瘤、吸入性异物等病变过程时，堵塞部分气道，支气管扩张就容易在局部发生。广泛的支气管扩张对囊性纤维化的病人来说很典型，病人反复感染，粘液阻塞遍及全肺。
A closer view demonstrates the focal area of dilated bronchi with bronchiectasis. Bronchiectasis tends to be localized with disease processes such as neoplasms and aspirated foreign bodies that block a portion of the airways. Widespread bronchiectasis is typical for patients with cystic fibrosis who have recurrent infections and obstruction of airways by mucus throughout the lungs.
