肝硬化异常血流导致门脉高压。升高的压力传送至侧支静脉，侧支发生扩张。如图所示，肝硬化患者腹部扩张的静脉侧支形成了“海蛇头”样表现。
Portal hypertension results from the abnormal blood flow pattern in liver created by cirrhosis. The increased pressure is transmitted to collateral venous channels. Sometimes these venous collaterals are dilated. Seen here is "caput medusae" which consists of dilated veins seen on the abdomen of a patient with cirrhosis of the liver.
