在高倍镜下，小肠黏膜显示脂肪痢有有明显的慢性炎症。并对麸质过敏，因麸质中含有麦胶蛋白，此蛋白在小麦谷物中，燕麦、大麦和黑麦中存在。从饮食中去除包含这些谷物的食品，将使得麦质过敏性肠病减少。这里显示这种肠病缺乏腺管、有丝分裂活跃、刷状缘消失，伴有淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润（B细胞对麦胶敏感）。
The small intestinal mucosa at high magnification shows marked chronic inflammation in celiac sprue. There is sensitivity to gluten, which contains the protein gliaden, found in cereal grains wheat, oats, barley, and rye. Removing foods containing these grains from the diet will cause this gluten-sensitive enteropathy to subside. The enteropathy shown here has loss of crypts, increased mitotic activity, loss of brush border, and infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells (B-cells sensitized to gliaden).
