左心室明显肥厚，同时可见巨大室间隔有非对称隆起伸入左心室腔内。图为肥厚性心肌病。虽然有大约一半的病例是家族性的，但是引起本病可能是多个基因改变所致。儿童和成年人都可发病，也可引发猝死。请看这个移植心脏，起搏器金属丝深入到右心室。与静脉及大血管相连的心房从后联接到移植心（心脏的供者经过充分的护理，以使得移植有可能成功）。
There is marked left ventricular hypertrophy, with asymmetric bulging of a very large interventricular septum into the left ventricular chamber. This is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. About half of these cases are familial, though a variety of different genes may be responsible for this disease. Both children and adults can be affected, and sudden death can occur. Seen here is the explanted heart. Pacemaker wires enter the right ventricle. The atria with venous connections, along with great vessels, remained behind to connect to the transplanted heart (provided by someone who cared enough to make transplantation possible).